Well water guides

Private wells aren't monitored like city water. These guides explain today's biggest risks — PFAS, nitrates, arsenic, lead, bacteria after floods — and how to get a certified lab test.

• PFAS “Forever Chemicals” in Private Wells: Why You Should TestFederal PFAS rules protect public water systems — not private wells. Here’s what “forever chemicals” mean for well owners and how to get tested.
• Nitrates in Well Water and Blue Baby Syndrome: Who Must TestNitrate in well water can cause blue baby syndrome in infants. Learn who is at risk, when to test, and how to find a certified lab.
• Arsenic in Private Well Water: The Invisible Risk UndergroundArsenic in groundwater is often naturally occurring and invisible. USGS research shows millions of private-well users may be above the EPA drinking-water standard.
• Lead in Well Water: Old Pumps, Plumbing, and Why Taste Won’t Warn YouLead doesn’t change how water looks or tastes. If your home has older plumbing or well equipment, testing is the only way to know your exposure.
• Coliform Bacteria in Well Water After a Flood: Test Before You DrinkFloodwater, septic systems, and runoff can push bacteria into private wells. Don’t drink until a certified lab clears your water.
• Your Private Well Isn’t Regulated by the Safe Drinking Water ActPublic water is monitored. Private wells usually aren’t. The Safe Drinking Water Act leaves testing to you — here’s what that means in practice.